| dc.description.abstract | Se realizaron cruzas a partir de accesiones de jitomate riñón, de Hidalgo, Puebla y Tabasco, con resistencia de tipo cuantitativa a Fusarium oxysporum, que fungieron como receptores, con un genotipo comercial de tipo saladet (Variedad. Río Grande), que fue el donador de polen, para obtener híbridos resistentes y con frutos de forma redonda y lisa. También se realizó selección a partir de jitomates riñón por forma redonda, lisa y con resistencia a enfermedades. Se realizó el avance generacional de los híbridos así como de los genotipos seleccionados, posteriormente se sembraron en campo las cruzas en F2, genotipos seleccionados, genotipos criollos no seleccionados (testigo) y el testigo general (Río Grande), para conocer su reacción frente a los patógenos localmente importantes. Hubo desarrollo epidémico natural de enfermedades como marchites (Fusarium sp.), tizón tardío (Phythophthora sp.), tizón temprano (Alternaria sp.) y Virosis del “chino del tomate” (VCdT). Los diferentes genotipos sembrados presentaron retraso e incluso abatimiento del avance epidémico de las diferentes enfermedades presentes en comparación al testigo general (Río Grande). En general, los derivados de los genotipos criollo riñón tuvieron rendimientos más altos, en respuesta a su mayor resistencia. En apariencia, las enfermedades muestran un rango constante, de ahí el potencial de los genotipos ensayados para el desarrollo de variedades con resistencia horizontal global para la región de Yautepec, Morelos, México.__________Crosses were made between accessions of the kidney shaped tomato collected from the states of Hidalgo, Puebla and Tabasco (previously selected for their horizontal resistance to Fusarium oxysporum ) which served as female progenitors with a commercial genotype saladet type (Var. Rio Grande) which served as pollen donor to obtain resistant hybrids with round, smooth shaped fruits. Also, selection was made from the kidney shaped progenitors for round, smooth type of fruits and with horizontal diseases resistance. Generation advancement to F2 of the crosses was carried out and were planted in a field experiment for selection including the selections and progenitors of the kidney genotypes, as controls. A general control of the saladet progenitor was also included as a general control, as to have a point of reference regarding disease resistance. The natural development of disease like (Fusarium sp.), late blight (Phythophthora sp.), early blight (Alternaria sp.) and Virus “Chino del Tomate” (VCdT) were followed. Delay or even reduction of the epidemics of these diseases was observed among the different new genotypes tested when compared to the general control genotype (Var. Rio Grande). In general, the descendant of the kidney shaped tomatoes had higher yields as a response to their higher resistance to diseases. Apparently, all diseases showed a constant ranking kind of population behaviour, and that is the origin of their potential for the development of new varieties with comprehensive horizontal resistance for the Yautepec, Mor., area. | es |
